Improved prostate cancer detection with anterior apical prostate biopsies

Abstract 

Purpose

Research to improve prostate cancer detection with transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies has focused on increasing the number of cores and the directing of biopsies laterally. In this study, we describe our experience with the addition of anterior apical biopsies.

Materials and Methods

A total of 164 consecutive patients with an increased or increasing prostate-specific antigen and/or abnormal digital rectal examination underwent transrectal ultrasound and systematic biopsy. We performed our standard laterally directed sextant biopsies plus additional mid parasagittal plane biopsies at the base and mid-gland, and an anteriorly directed biopsy at the apex. Site-specific detection and tumor characteristics are reported.

Results

Prostate cancer was detected in 71 patients (43.3%). The most commonly unique site was the anterior apex. Excluding these biopsies would have missed 17% of the cancers detected. The cancers limited to the anterior apex had tumor characteristics similar to all other cancers detected.

Conclusion

In our experience, the anterior apical biopsies increase the detection of prostate cancer on transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies. Further study on incorporating this site into the biopsy scheme is indicated.

Keywords: Prostate cancer, Biopsy, Apex