Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations
Volume 28, Issue 2 , Pages 157-163 , March 2010

Molecular biomarkers for advanced renal cell carcinoma: Implications for prognosis and therapy

  • Hyo Song Kim, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • These two authors contributed equally to this work.
    • ,
  • Won Seog Kim, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Se Hoon Park, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Chul Won Jung, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Han Yong Choi, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Hyun Moo Lee, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Seong Soo Jeon, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Hongil Ha, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • In Gyu Hwang, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Yong San Hospital, Seoul, Korea
    • These two authors contributed equally to this work.
    • ,
  • Seungkoo Lee, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anatomic Pathology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
    • ,
  • Ho Yeong Lim, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +82-2-3410-0914; fax: +82-2-3410-1754

Received 7 June 2008 ,Revised 7 August 2008 ,Accepted 7 August 2008.

References 

  1. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, et al. Cancer statistics, 2007. CA Cancer J Clin. 2007;57:43–66
  2. Rouviere O, Bouvier R, Negrier S, et al. Nonmetastatic renal-cell carcinoma: Is it really possible to define rational guidelines for post-treatment follow-up?. Nat Clin Pract Oncol. 2006;3:200–213
  3. Dutcher JP, Fisher RI, Weiss G, et al. Outpatient subcutaneous interleukin-2 and interferon-▫ for metastatic renal cell cancer: Five-year follow-up of the Cytokine Working Group Study. Cancer J Sci Am. 1997;3:157–162
  4. Negrier S, Escudier B, Lasset C, et al. Recombinant human interleukin-2, recombinant human interferon ▫-2a, or both in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (Groupe Francais d'Immunotherapie). N Engl J Med. 1998;338:1272–1278
  5. Atkins M, Regan M, McDermott D, et al. Carbonic anhydrase IX expression predicts outcome of interleukin 2 therapy for renal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:3714–3721
  6. Bui MH, Seligson D, Han KR, et al. Carbonic anhydrase IX is an independent predictor of survival in advanced renal clear cell carcinoma: Implications for prognosis and therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2003;9:802–811
  7. Hara S, Kondo Y, Matsuzawa I, et al. Expression of cycloxygenase-2 in human bladder and renal cell carcinoma. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002;507:123–126
  8. Miyata Y, Koga S, Kanda S, et al. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in renal cell carcinoma: Correlation with tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, and survival. Clin Cancer Res. 2003;9:1741–1749
  9. Rini BI, Weinberg V, Dunlap S, et al. Maximal COX-2 immunostaining and clinical response to celecoxib and interferon-α therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Cancer. 2006;106:566–575
  10. Yilmazer D, Han U, Onal B. A comparison of the vascular density of VEGF expression with microvascular density determined with CD34 and CD31 staining and conventional prognostic markers in renal cell carcinoma. Int Urol Nephrol. 2007;39:691–698
  11. Royal RE, Steinberg SM, Krouse RS, et al. Correlates of response to IL-2 therapy in patients treated for metastatic renal cancer and melanoma. Cancer J Sci Am. 1996;2:91–98
  12. Figlin R, Gitlitz B, Franklin J, et al. Interleukin-2-based immunotherapy for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: An analysis of 203 consecutively treated patients. Cancer J Sci Am. 1997;3(Suppl 1):S92–S97
  13. Leibovich BC, Han KR, Bui MH, et al. Scoring algorithm to predict survival after nephrectomy and immunotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A stratification tool for prospective clinical trials. Cancer. 2003;98:2566–2575
  14. Driessen A, Landuyt W, Pastorekova S, et al. Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), a hypoxia-related protein, rather than vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic factor, correlates with an extremely poor prognosis in esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas. Ann Surg. 2006;243:334–340
  15. Hedley D, Pintilie M, Woo J, et al. Carbonic anhydrase IX expression, hypoxia, and prognosis in patients with uterine cervical carcinomas. Clin Cancer Res. 2003;9:5666–5674
  16. Liao SY, Aurelio ON, Jan K, et al. Identification of the MN/CA9 protein as a reliable diagnostic biomarker of clear cell carcinoma of the kidney. Cancer Res. 1997;57:2827–2831
  17. Uemura H, Nakagawa Y, Yoshida K, et al. MN/CA IX/G250 as a potential target for immunotherapy of renal cell carcinomas. Br J Cancer. 1999;81:741–746
  18. Hudes G, Carducci M, Tomczak P, et al. Temsirolimus, interferon-α, or both for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:2271–2281
  19. Pastorek J, Pastorekova S, Callebaut I, et al. Cloning and characterization of MN, a human tumor-associated protein with a domain homologous to carbonic anhydrase and a putative helix-loop-helix DNA binding segment. Oncogene. 1994;9:2877–2888
  20. Ivanov S, Liao SY, Ivanova A, et al. Expression of hypoxia-inducible cell-surface transmembrane carbonic anhydrases in human cancer. Am J Pathol. 2001;158:905–919
  21. Wykoff CC, Pugh CW, Maxwell PH, et al. Identification of novel hypoxia dependent and independent target genes of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor by mRNA differential expression profiling. Oncogene. 2000;19:6297–6305
  22. Olive PL, Aquino-Parsons C, MacPhail SH, et al. Carbonic anhydrase 9 as an endogenous marker for hypoxic cells in cervical cancer. Cancer Res. 2001;61:8924–8929
  23. Wykoff CC, Beasley NJ, Watson PH, et al. Hypoxia-inducible expression of tumor-associated carbonic anhydrases. Cancer Res. 2000;60:7075–7083
  24. Fosslien E. Biochemistry of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors and molecular pathology of COX-2 in neoplasia. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2000;37:431–502
  25. Ohtawa Y, Naomoto Y, Shirakawa Y, et al. The close relationship between heparinase and cyclo-oxygenase-2 expressions in signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach. Hum Pathol. 2006;37:1145–1152
  26. Chen Q, Shinohara N, Abe T, et al. Significance of COX-2 expression in human renal cell carcinoma cell lines. Int J Cancer. 2004;108:825–832
  27. Kokawa A, Kondo H, Gotoda T, et al. Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human pancreatic neoplasms and potential for chemoprevention by cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Cancer. 2001;91:333–338
  28. Jain RK. Tumor angiogenesis and accessibility: Role of vascular endothelial growth factor. Semin Oncol. 2002;29:3–9
  29. Jacobsen J, Rasmuson T, Grankvist K, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor as prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma. J Urol. 2000;163:343–347
  30. Chang SG, Jeon SH, Lee SJ, et al. Clinical significance of urinary vascular endothelial growth factor and microvessel density in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Urology. 2001;58:904–908
  31. Slaton JW, Inoue K, Perrotte P, et al. Expression levels of genes that regulate metastasis and angiogenesis correlate with advanced pathological stage of renal cell carcinoma. Am J Pathol. 2001;158:735–743
  32. Tomisawa M, Tokunaga T, Oshika Y, et al. Expression pattern of vascular endothelial growth factor isoform is closely correlated with tumor stage and vascularization in renal cell carcinoma. Eur J Cancer. 1999;35:133–137
  33. Escudier B, Pluzanska A, Koralewski P, et al. Bevacizumab plus interferon alfa-2a for treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A randomized, double-blind Phase III trial. Lancet. 2007;370:2103–2111

PII: S1078-1439(08)00194-4

doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2008.08.002

Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations
Volume 28, Issue 2 , Pages 157-163 , March 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution