Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations
Volume 27, Issue 6 , Pages 643-652 , November 2009

Radiation therapy for urologic malignancies in the elderly

References 

  1. Jemal A, Murray T, Ward E, et al. Cancer statistics, 2005. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005;55:10–30
  2. Extermann M. Measurement and impact of comorbidity in older cancer patients. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2000;35:181–200
  3. Sandhu A, Mundt A. Radiation therapy for older cancer patients. Aging Health. 2006;2:919–930
  4. Vulto A, Lemmens V, Louwman M, et al. The influence of age and comorbidity on receiving radiotherapy as part of primary treatment for cancer in south Netherlands, 1995 to 2002. Cancer. 2006;106:2734–2742
  5. Dandapani S, Sanda M. Measuring health-related quality of life consequences from primary treatment for early-stage prostate cancer. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2008;18:67–72
  6. Harris R, Lohr KN. Screening for prostate cancer: An update of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:917–929
  7. Stanford JL, Feng Z, Hamilton AS, et al. Urinary and sexual function after radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer: The Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study. JAMA. 2000;283:354–360
  8. Hamilton AS, Stanford JL, Gilliland FD, et al. Health outcomes after external-beam radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer: Results from the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:2517–2526
  9. Hoffman R, Barry M. Health Outcomes in Older Men Localized Prostate Cancer: Results from the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study. AJM. 2006;119:418–425
  10. Jayadevappa R, Chhatre S. Health-related quality of life and satisfaction with care among older men treated for prostate cancer with either radical prostatectomy or external beam radiation therapy. BJU Int. 2006;97:955–962
  11. Alibhai SM, Naglie G, Nam R, et al. Do older men benefit from curative therapy of localized prostate cancer?. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21:3318–3327
  12. Houterman S, Janssen M, Verheij K, et al. Greater influence of age than co-morbidity on primary treatment and complications of prostate cancer patients: An in-depth population-based study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2006;9:179–184
  13. Sanda MG, Dunn RL, Michalski J, et al. Quality of life and satisfaction with outcome among prostate-cancer survivors. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1250–1261
  14. Wong Y, Mitra N, Hudes G. Survival associated with treatment vs. observation of localized prostate cancer. JAMA. 2006;296:2683–2693
  15. Tward J, Lee C, Pappas L, et al. Survival of men with clinically localized prostate cancer treated with prostatectomy, brachytherapy, or no definitive treatment: Impact of age at diagnosis. Cancer. 2006;107:2392–2400
  16. Nguyen T, Portman P. The curative role of radiotherapy in adenocarcinoma of the prostate in patients under 55 years of age: A rare cancer network retrospective study. Radiother Oncol. 2005;77:286–289
  17. Geinitz H, Zimmerman F. 3D conformal radiation therapy for prostate cancer in elderly patients. Radiother Oncol. 2005;76:27–34
  18. Jani A, Parikh S, Vijayakumar S, et al. Analysis of influence of age on acute and chronic radiotherapy toxicity in treatment of prostate cancer. Urology. 2005;65:1157–1162
  19. Huguenin PU, Bitterli M, Lutolf UM, et al. Localized prostate cancer in elderly patients (Outcome after radiation therapy compared to matched younger patients). Strahlenther Onkol. 1999;175:554–558
  20. Ogawa K, Nakamura K, Onishi H, et al. Influence of age on the pattern and outcome of external beam radiotherapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. Anticancer Res. 2006;26:1319–1326
  21. Bolla M, Collete L, Blank L, et al. Long-term results with immediate androgen suppression and external irradiation in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (an EORTC study): A phase III randomized trial. Lancet. 2002;360:103–106
  22. Pilepich M, Winter K, John M, et al. Phase III radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) trial 86-10 of androgen deprivation adjuvant to definitive radiotherapy in locally advanced carcinoma of the prostate. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;50:1243–1252
  23. Valicenti RK, Winter K, Cox J, et al. RTOG 94-06: Is the addition of neoadjuvant hormonal therapy to dose-escalated 3D conformal radiation therapy for prostate cancer associated with treatment toxicity?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;57:614–620
  24. Efstathiou J, Bae K, Shipley W, et al. Goserelin not related to increased risk for CV death. In: Proceedings of the 2008 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium. San Francisco, (CA). February, 2008;[Abstract 11]
  25. D'Amico A, Chen M, Renshaw A, et al. Comorbidities affect benefit of combined radiation, androgen suppression. In: Proceedings of the 2008 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium. San Francisco, (CA). February, 2008;[Abstract 13]
  26. Chen A, D'Amico A, Neville B, et al. Patient and treatment factors associated with complications after brachytherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:5298–5304
  27. Soto D, McLaughlin P. Combined permanent implant and external-beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2008;18:23–34
  28. Thompson IM, Tangen CM, Paradelo J, et al. Adjuvant radiotherapy for pathologically advanced prostate cancer (A randomized clinical trial). JAMA. 2006;296:2329–2335
  29. Bolla M, von Poppel H, Collette L, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy (A randomized controlled trial (EORTC trial 22911)). Lancet. 2005;366:572–578
  30. Wiegel T, Bottke D, Willich N, et al. Phase III results of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) vs, wait and see (WS) in patients with pT3 prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy (RP) (ARO 96-02/AUO AP 09/95). J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:381;[Abstract 4513]
  31. Swanson GP, Hussey MA, Tangen CM, et al. Predominant treatment failure in post-prostatectomy patients is local: Analysis of patterns of treatment failure in SWOG 8794. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:2225–2229
  32. Sandhu A, Sethi R, Rice R, et al. Prostate bed localization with image-guided approach using on-board imaging: Reporting acute toxicity and implications for radiation therapy planning following prostatectomy. Radiother Oncol. 2008;88:20–50
  33. Xing L, Wu Q, Yang Y, et al. the physics of IMRT. In:  Mundt AJ,  Roeske JC editor. Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy: A Clinical Perspective. Hamilton, Ontario: BC Decker; 2005;p. 20–52
  34. Meerleer G, Vakaet L, Meersschout S, et al. Intensity modulated radiotherapy as primary treatment for prostate cancer: Acute toxicity in 144 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;60:777–787
  35. Zelefsky MJ, Fuks Z, Happersett L, et al. Clinical experience with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2000;55:138–140
  36. Teh BS, Wei-Yuan M, Augspurger ME, et al. Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) following prostatectomy: More favorable acute genitourinary toxicity profile compared to primary IMRT for prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;49:465–472
  37. Dearnaley DP, Sydes MR, Graham JD, et al. Escalated-dose versus standard-dose conformal radiotherapy in prostate cancer: First results from the MRC RT01 randomized controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2007;8:475–487
  38. Peeters STH, Heemsbergen WD, Koper PCM, et al. Dose-response in radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: Results of the Dutch multi-center randomized Phase III trial comparing 68 Gy of radiotherapy with 78 Gy. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:1990–1996
  39. Pollack A, Zagars GK, Smith LG, et al. Preliminary results of a randomized radiotherapy dose-escalation study comparing 70 Gy with 78 Gy for prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18:3904–3911
  40. Zietman AL, DeSilvio ML, Slater JD, et al. Comparison of conventional-dose vs. high-dose conformal radiation therapy in clinically localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2005;294:1233–1239
  41. Zelefsky MJ, Chan H, Hunt M, et al. Long-term outcome of high dose intensity modulated radiation therapy for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. J Urol. 2006;176:1415–1419
  42. Cahlon O, Zelefsky MJ, Shippy A, et al. Intensity modulated radiation therapy to a dose of 86.4 Gy for localized prostate cancer: Toxicity data and preliminary biochemical outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;66(Suppl 1):S33;[Abstract]
  43. Song W, Schaly B, Bauman G, et al. Evaluation of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) technologies and their impact on the outcomes of hypofractionated prostate cancer treatments: A radiobiological analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;64:289–300
  44. Smitsman M, De Bois J, Sonke J, et al. Automatic prostate localization on cone-beam CT scans for high precision image-guided radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;63:975–984
  45. Jani AB, Gratzle J, Muresan E, et al. Analysis of acute toxicity with the use of transabdominal ultrasonography for prostate positioning during intensity modulated radiotherapy. Urol. 2005;65:504–508
  46. Nichol A, Chung P, Lockwood G, et al. A phase II trial of localized prostate cancer treated to 75.6 Gy with 3D conformal radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 2005;76:11–17
  47. Nath SK, Sandhu AP, Rose BS, et al. Toxicity analysis in post-operative image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;(in press)
  48. Kupelian P, Willoughby T, Mahadevan A, et al. Multi-institutional clinical experience with the Calypso system in localization and continuous, real-time monitoring of the prostate gland during external radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;67:1088–1098
  49. Kupelian PA, Willoughby TR, Reddy CA, et al. Hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 Gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction) for localized prostate cancer: Cleveland Clinic experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;68:1424–1430
  50. Pawlicki T, Cotrutz C, King C. Prostate cancer therapy with stereotactic body radiation therapy. Front Radiat Ther Oncol. 2007;40:395–406
  51. Fowler JF, Ritter MA, Chappell RJ, et al. What hypofractionated protocols should be tested for prostate cancer?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;56:1093–1104
  52. Miles E, Lee W. Hypofractionation for prostate cancer: A critical review. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2008;18:41–47
  53. Vargas C, Fryer A, Mahajan C, et al. Dose-volume comparison of proton therapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;70:744–751
  54. Trofinov A, Nguyen PL, Coen JJ, et al. Radiotherapy treatment of early stage prostate cancer with IMRT and protons: A treatment planning comparison. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;69:444–453
  55. Slater JD, Rossi CJ, Yonemoto LT, et al. Proton therapy for prostate cancer: The initial Loma Linda University experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;59:348–352
  56. Rossi CJ. Conformal proton beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer: Concepts and clinical results. Commun Oncol. 2007;4:235–240
  57. Hindson B, Turner S, Do V. Palliative radiation therapy for localized prostate symptoms in hormone refractory prostate cancer. Austral Radiol. 2007;51:584–588
  58. Steenland E, Leer JW, van Houwelingen H, et al. The effect of a single fraction compared to multiple fractions on painful bone metastases: A global analysis of the Dutch Bone Metastases study. Radiother Oncol. 1999;52:101–109
  59. Quitly PM, Kirk D, Bolger JJ, et al. A comparison of the palliative effects of strontium-89 and external beam radiotherapy in metastatic prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol. 1994;31:33–40
  60. Resche I, Chatal JF, Pecking A, et al. A dose-controlled study of 153Sm-ethyleneddiaminetetramethrylenephosphonate (EDTMP) in the treatment of patients with painful bone metastases. Eur J Cancer. 1997;33:1583–1591
  61. Foell K, Martens M, Izawa JI. Rare case of classic testicular seminoma in an 86-year-old shows similar proliferation rate as in younger men. Urology. 2007;0:1007.e7–1007.e9
  62. Rentinck MEM, Nieboer P, Sleijfer DTH, et al. Chemotherapy for metastatic seminoma in elderly patients. Anticancer Res. 2003;23:3093–3096
  63. Gori S, Porrozzi S, Roila F, et al. Germ cell tumors of the testis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2005;53:141–164
  64. Visco C, Medeiros LJ, Mesina OM, et al. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma affecting the testis: Is it curable with doxorubicin-based therapy?. Clin Lymphoma. 2001;2:40–46
  65. Miedler J, MacLennan G. Primary testicular lymphoma. J Urol. 2007;178:2645
  66. Zouhair A, Weber D, Belkacémi Y, et al. Outcome and patterns of failure in testicular lymphoma: A multicenter rare cancer network study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;52:652–656
  67. Shipley W, Kaufman D, Tester W, et al. An overview of bladder cancer trials in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Cancer. 2003;15(Suppl):2119
  68. Muren LP, Redpath AT, Lord H, et al. Image-guided radiotherapy of bladder cancer: Bladder volume variation and its relation to margins. Radiother Oncol. 2007;84:307–313
  69. Kotwal S, Choudhury A, Johnston C, et al. Similar outcomes for radical cystectomy and radical radiotherapy in invasive bladder cancer treated at a United Kingdom specialist treatment center. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;70:456–463
  70. Kao G, Malkowicz S, Whittington R, et al. Locally advanced renal cell carcinoma: Low complication rate and efficacy of post-nephrectomy radiation therapy planned with CT. Radiol. 1994;193:725–730
  71. Doh L, Amato R, Paulino A, et al. Radiation therapy in the management of brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Oncology. 2006;20:603–613
  72. Kavanagh B, McGarry R, Timmerman R. Extracranial radiosurgery (stereotactic body radiation therapy) for oligometastases. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2006;16:77–84
  73. Ozsahin M, Jichlinski P, Weber D, et al. Treatment of penile cancer: To cut or not to cut. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;6:674–679
  74. Solsona E, Algaba F, Horenblas S, et al. EAU guidelines on penile cancer. Eur Urol. 2004;46:1–8

PII: S1078-1439(09)00219-1

doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2009.07.019

Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations
Volume 27, Issue 6 , Pages 643-652 , November 2009