Basic/Translational Science Survey Section: Kidney Cancer

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The VHL tumor suppressor targets hypoxia-inducible factors 1 and 2 alpha (HIF-α) for degradation by the proteasome. Loss of VHL leads to stabilization and activation of HIF-α, which subsequently binds HIF-β (ARNT) to form a transcription complex responsible for expression of more than 100 genes normally present only during a hypoxia stress response, including vascular endothelial growth factor. It is the inappropriate activation of HIF-α that leads to renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Although the 2

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